The exact origin and meaning of the name Gelati is unknown.
According to the most convincing version, the word derives from the Greek γενέθλια (genethlia — “Birth”), since the cathedral’s main church is dedicated to the Nativity of the Virgin.
From this word came the monastery’s earlier name — Gaenati.
Later, Gaenati survived only in the name of the diocese, while the monastery itself became known as Gelati Monastery.
The church was founded in 1106 by David IV the Builder (1073–1125), in honor of his recent victory over the Seljuks.
The construction of the main Church of the Assumption was completed by David IV’s son, Demetre I (1093–1156).
The main church of the ensemble is a central-domed structure.
The interior of the main temple of the Gelati complex is especially impressive, as it preserves unique examples of Georgian monumental painting: the cathedral’s altar is decorated with a XII century mosaic depicting the Virgin Mary with Child and archangels.
Frescoes illustrating the Seven Ecumenical Councils, as well as various biblical scenes, belong to a later period.
Other frescoes portray historical figures, such as David IV, David VI Narin (1225-1293), and members of the royal family of Imereti.
In addition, Gelati Monastery is also famous for its gates.
Beneath them, according to his will, David the Builder was buried.
This was an expression of humility: people were meant to enter the monastery by stepping on his tombstone.
However, today these gates are no longer used as an entrance and have in fact turned into a mausoleum.
Besides David the Builder, many other renowned rulers of Georgia are buried in Gelati Monastery, including Queen Tamar (c. 1160–1212) and the last king of Imereti, Solomon II (c. 1772–1815).